2017 State Report for County-Level Data: Poverty

Acknowledgements

Special thanks to the following individuals who have contributed to the success of this effort: Deb Brucker, Erin Dame, Adam Lavoie, Kate Filanoski, Karen Volle, and Anna Brennan-Curry.

Funding for this publication is made possible by:

The Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics and Demographics (StatsRRTC), funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Community Living National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR), grant number 90RTGE0001-01-00; and the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Employment Policy and Measurement (EPM-RRTC), also funded by NIDILRR, grant number 90RT5037-03-00. The information developed by the StatsRRTC and EPM-RRTC does not necessarily represent the policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government (Edgar, 75.620 (b)).

The StatsRRTC and EPM-RRTC are part of the Institute on Disability at the University of New Hampshire. The Institute on Disability/UCED (IOD) was established in 1987 to provide a university-based focus for the improvement of knowledge, policies, and practices related to the lives of people with disabilities and their families and is New Hampshire’s University Center for Excellence in Disability (UCED). Located within the University of New Hampshire, the IOD is a federally designated center authorized by the Developmental Disabilities Act. Through innovative and interdisciplinary research, academic, service, and dissemination initiatives, the IOD builds local, state, and national capacities to respond to the needs of individuals with disabilities and their families.

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Copyright 2019. Institute on Disability. University of New Hampshire.      

 

 

 

2017 Virginia Report for County-Level Data: Poverty

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on

Disability Statistics and Demographics

A NIDILRR-Funded Center

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Introduction

The State Reports for County-Level Data on Poverty are designed to provide the users of disability statistics with the number and percentage in poverty for civilians with disabilities, ages 18 to 64 years and living in the community, for any given state and county in the United States (U.S.). This report is intended to be an online complement to Section 3: Poverty of the Annual Disability Statistics Compendium and Annual Disability Statistics Supplement, providing greater detail within each state. The State Reports for County-Level Data on Poverty can be used to compare county-level statistics between counties in any given state or states. The following report provides county-level statistics for Virginia.

The proportion of the civilian non-institutionalized population with disabilities in poverty, also called the poverty rate, presented in the State Reports for County-Level Data is a useful tool for advocates, researchers, and policy-makers to plan and provide services and supports for people with disabilities experiencing poverty. In this report, poverty of people with disabilities is presented as the number of civilians with disabilities, ages 18 to 64 years and living in the community, in a given state and county per total state and county populations, respectively. Counts and percentages (the poverty rate) are provided in tables and maps.

The data for this report come from the American Community Survey 5-year data. The American Community Survey (ACS) is a national survey developed by the U.S. Census Bureau to provide information on a number of topics about social, economic, and demographic characteristics of the U.S. population. ACS 5-year data is collected over a longer period of time than 1-year data, providing larger sample sizes and increased reliability for less populated areas and small population subgroups. All of the statistics in this report use the ACS 5-year data which includes data from 2017, the year of the report, and data from the four previous years. In the ACS, people are identified as having a disability based on responses to a series of six questions asking about having difficulties with vision, hearing, ambulation, cognition, self-care, and independent living (see glossary for further details). 

Poverty is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget and set as a dollar threshold by the U.S. Census Bureau (see the glossary for further details).

 

Specific to Virginia, the state chosen for this report, sentences providing interpretation and context for poverty statistics are included on the following page. A short glossary of terms is also provided at the end of the report explaining the statistics that are illustrated in each sentence.

Additional Resources. The Annual Disability Statistics Compendium and its complement, the Annual Disability Statistics Supplement, are summaries of statistics about people with disabilities, available both in hard copy and online at https://www.disabilitycompendium.org

Help navigating any of the resources described here can be found in the Frequently Asked Questions section at https://www.disabilitycompendium.org/faq. Assistance interpreting and locating additional statistics is available via our toll-free number, 866.538.9521, or by email, disability.statistics@unh.edu. For more information about our research projects, please visit https://www.researchondisability.org.

Suggested Citation. Boege, S.L., Lauer, E.A., & Houtenville, A.J., 2019. 2017 State Report for Virginia County-Level Data: Poverty. Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Interpretation

The following statements are designed to help understand the 2017 county-level poverty statistics from Virginia that are presented:

 

  • For people with disabilities: 

    • The poverty rate for people with disabilities in Virginia was 23.5%.
    • The range, also known as the difference between largest and smallest values, of poverty rates for people with disabilities across Virginia counties was 62.1%.
      • The county with the greatest poverty rate for people with disabilities was Galax (65.0%).
      • The county with the smallest poverty rate for people with disabilities was Falls Church (2.9%).
    • The median, also known as the middle-most, poverty rate for people with disabilities across all counties in Virginia was 25.3%.

 

  • For people without disabilities: 
    • The poverty rate for people without disabilities in Virginia was 9.5%.
    • The range, also known as the difference between largest and smallest values, of poverty rates for people without disabilities across Virginia counties was 42.7%.
      • The county with the greatest poverty rate for people without disabilities was Radford (45.9%).
      • The county with the smallest poverty rate for people without disabilities was Falls Church (3.2%).
    • The median, also known as the middle-most, poverty rate for people without disabilities across all counties in Virginia was 11.7%.
Civilians with and without Disabilities in Poverty Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community for Virginia, by County: 2017
County Disability No Disability   County Disability No Disability
Total Count % [1] Total Count % [2] Total Count % [1] Total Count % [2]
    Virginia     476,008 111,771 23.5 4,565,407 433,934  9.5   Chesterfield    17,391   3,268 18.8   188,297  11,388  6.0
    Accomack       1,681     497 29.6    17,028   3,026 17.8      Clarke          645     105 16.3     7,811     633  8.1
   Albemarle       4,007   1,140 28.5    54,846   5,348  9.8 Colonial Heights     954     169 17.7     8,969   1,094 12.2
   Alexandria      5,955   1,278 21.5   101,952   8,553  8.4    Covington         527     113 21.4     2,619     488 18.6
   Alleghany       1,499     480 32.0     7,342   1,238 16.9      Craig           469     153 32.6     2,593     167  6.4
     Amelia          901     129 14.3     6,822     745 10.9     Culpeper       3,004     544 18.1    25,714   1,961  7.6
    Amherst        2,359     598 25.3    16,247   1,838 11.3    Cumberland        676     150 22.2     5,101     800 15.7
   Appomattox      1,350     586 43.4     7,736     637  8.2     Danville       4,364   1,573 36.0    19,099   3,315 17.4
   Arlington       6,643   1,110 16.7   156,431  11,446  7.3    Dickenson       2,192     752 34.3     6,560   1,283 19.6
    Augusta        4,705   1,030 21.9    37,478   2,642  7.0    Dinwiddie       2,300     555 24.1    14,863   1,870 12.6
      Bath           337     124 36.8     2,364     126  5.3     Emporia          514     228 44.4     2,607     531 20.4
    Bedford        5,292   1,278 24.1    40,527   2,811  6.9      Essex           640     212 33.1     5,799     629 10.8
     Bland           408      16  3.9     2,979     228  7.7     Fairfax          788     127 16.1    14,052   1,255  8.9
   Botetourt       2,030     330 16.3    17,533     968  5.5     Fairfax       35,903   4,840 13.5   680,152  35,856  5.3
    Bristol        2,052     949 46.2     7,755   1,070 13.8   Falls Church       309       9  2.9     8,312     270  3.2
   Brunswick       1,514     439 29.0     6,665   1,031 15.5     Fauquier       3,481     463 13.3    38,057   1,774  4.7
    Buchanan       2,649     949 35.8    10,778   2,548 23.6      Floyd         1,002     224 22.4     8,128     801  9.9
   Buckingham      1,267     290 22.9     7,704   1,004 13.0     Fluvanna       1,604     295 18.4    13,199     868  6.6
  Buena Vista        450     169 37.6     3,142     614 19.5     Franklin         365     115 31.5     4,389     572 13.0
    Campbell       3,976   1,122 28.2    29,404   2,785  9.5     Franklin       4,307   1,124 26.1    27,671   3,594 13.0
    Caroline       1,570     242 15.4    14,836   1,463  9.9    Frederick       4,762     784 16.5    45,315   1,782  3.9
    Carroll        2,891     781 27.0    14,355   1,828 12.7  Fredericksburg    1,525     681 44.7    15,249   2,060 13.5
  Charles City       631     128 20.3     3,701     363  9.8      Galax           766     498 65.0     3,054     380 12.4
   Charlotte       1,237     432 34.9     5,632   1,142 20.3      Giles         1,627     476 29.3     8,306     743  8.9
Charlottesville    2,450     592 24.2    29,577   8,259 27.9    Gloucester      2,941     505 17.2    19,607   1,306  6.7
   Chesapeake     12,394   1,806 14.6   125,280   9,693  7.7    Goochland       1,163     146 12.6    11,352     510  4.5
Civilians with and without Disabilities in Poverty Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community for Virginia, by County: 2017
County Disability No Disability   County Disability No Disability
Total Count % [1] Total Count % [2] Total Count % [1] Total Count % [2]
    Grayson        1,465     446 30.4     7,375   1,175 15.9   Martinsville     1,288     573 44.5     6,089   1,167 19.2
     Greene        1,479     212 14.3     9,962   1,004 10.1     Mathews          604      99 16.4     4,232     401  9.5
  Greensville        719     149 20.7     4,259     645 15.1   Mecklenburg      2,953     770 26.1    14,097   2,047 14.5
    Halifax        3,085     862 27.9    16,446   2,605 15.8    Middlesex         826     179 21.7     4,783     480 10.0
    Hampton       10,306   2,652 25.7    70,436   9,050 12.8    Montgomery      4,917   1,549 31.5    57,133  16,553 29.0
    Hanover        4,434     628 14.2    57,400   2,572  4.5      Nelson          728     254 34.9     7,715   1,086 14.1
  Harrisonburg     2,041     805 39.4    30,808  10,397 33.7     New Kent         922      40  4.3    11,574     579  5.0
    Henrico       17,754   3,564 20.1   183,897  15,241  8.3   Newport News    14,473   3,588 24.8    90,709  11,938 13.2
     Henry         5,339   1,962 36.7    24,351   3,665 15.1     Norfolk       15,365   4,872 31.7   122,259  22,748 18.6
    Highland         173      33 19.1       897     111 12.4   Northampton        554     205 37.0     5,853     898 15.3
    Hopewell       2,175     775 35.6    10,801   1,787 16.5  Northumberland      575      70 12.2     5,488     834 15.2
 Isle of Wight     2,246     371 16.5    19,640   1,664  8.5      Norton          552     254 46.0     1,898     393 20.7
   James City      3,914     770 19.7    35,790   2,821  7.9     Nottoway       1,544     751 48.6     6,922   1,266 18.3
  King George      1,478     270 18.3    14,055     547  3.9      Orange        2,716     523 19.3    17,460   1,099  6.3
  King William       826     145 17.6     9,276     629  6.8       Page         2,252     722 32.1    11,674   1,643 14.1
 King and Queen      305     102 33.4     3,861     400 10.4     Patrick        1,496     497 33.2     8,700   1,240 14.3
   Lancaster         525     142 27.0     4,853     576 11.9    Petersburg      3,590   1,541 42.9    15,913   3,579 22.5
      Lee          3,683   1,336 36.3    10,054   2,269 22.6   Pittsylvania     5,374   1,550 28.8    30,773   3,689 12.0
   Lexington         303     142 46.9     1,740     426 24.5     Poquoson         484      70 14.5     6,438     291  4.5
    Loudoun        9,923     952  9.6   222,670   7,352  3.3    Portsmouth      6,968   1,738 24.9    48,794   6,576 13.5
     Louisa        2,889     879 30.4    18,357   1,549  8.4     Powhatan       1,200     187 15.6    14,671     666  4.5
   Lunenburg       1,093     264 24.2     5,521     890 16.1  Prince Edward     1,293     494 38.2    10,005   2,281 22.8
   Lynchburg       4,790   1,602 33.4    38,424   8,374 21.8  Prince George     2,776     597 21.5    17,207   1,760 10.2
    Madison          844     152 18.0     6,823     656  9.6  Prince William   17,598   2,061 11.7   261,543  14,819  5.7
    Manassas       1,717     238 13.9    24,855   1,660  6.7     Pulaski        2,742     926 33.8    17,135   2,008 11.7
 Manassas Park       899     270 30.0     9,707     617  6.4     Radford        1,306     421 32.2     9,686   4,448 45.9
Civilians with and without Disabilities in Poverty Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community for Virginia, by County: 2017
County Disability No Disability   County Disability No Disability
Total Count % [1] Total Count % [2] Total Count % [1] Total Count % [2]
  Rappahannock       358     117 32.7     3,858     341  8.8    Winchester      2,407     609 25.3    13,861   1,292  9.3
    Richmond         382     148 38.7     3,591     395 11.0       Wise         5,573   1,741 31.2    17,037   2,956 17.4
    Richmond      20,861   8,311 39.8   124,166  25,541 20.6      Wythe         2,905     805 27.7    14,398   1,794 12.5
    Roanoke        4,941   1,041 21.1    49,239   3,091  6.3       York         3,459     324  9.4    34,140   1,708  5.0
    Roanoke        8,618   2,892 33.6    52,702   9,202 17.5                                                             
   Rockbridge      1,416     336 23.7    11,467   1,687 14.7                                                             
   Rockingham      4,451     821 18.4    40,911   3,381  8.3                                                             
    Russell        3,253     972 29.9    13,499   1,913 14.2                                                             
     Salem         1,302     240 18.4    12,645   1,005  7.9                                                             
     Scott         2,774     909 32.8     9,797   1,229 12.5                                                             
   Shenandoah      2,606     612 23.5    22,201   1,997  9.0                                                             
     Smyth         3,827   1,196 31.3    14,575   2,152 14.8                                                             
  Southampton      1,213     379 31.2     8,858     777  8.8                                                             
  Spotsylvania     7,519   1,121 14.9    72,526   4,787  6.6                                                             
    Stafford       6,326     528  8.3    78,668   3,131  4.0                                                             
    Staunton       1,593     376 23.6    12,258   1,487 12.1                                                             
    Suffolk        5,553   1,303 23.5    46,844   3,911  8.3                                                             
     Surry           461      72 15.6     3,669     455 12.4                                                             
     Sussex          507     201 39.6     2,968     381 12.8                                                             
    Tazewell       4,912   1,318 26.8    19,785   2,460 12.4                                                             
 Virginia Beach   23,348   3,473 14.9   242,561  17,147  7.1                                                             
     Warren        3,072     635 20.7    20,832   1,585  7.6                                                             
   Washington      4,985   1,401 28.1    26,381   3,192 12.1                                                             
   Waynesboro      1,671     372 22.3    10,864   1,888 17.4                                                             
  Westmoreland     1,094     399 36.5     8,890     854  9.6                                                             
  Williamsburg       653     261 40.0     6,218   1,688 27.1                                                             
Count of Civilians in Poverty with Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community for Virginia, by County: 2017

Poverty Rate for Civilians with Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community for Virginia, by County: 2017

Discussion

There are a number of concepts and factors which complicate the interpretation of the estimates presented in this report. These concerns affect all statistics from population-based surveys. The estimates included in this document should be interpreted the following limitations in mind and generalized with caution. In each point, a link to the U.S. Census Bureau website describing the limitation or concept in greater detail in the ACS has been provided.

Additional links to resources for the ACS:

Glossary

American Community Survey (ACS) — The American Community Survey is a large, continuous demographic survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau that will provide accurate and up-to-date profiles of America’s communities every year. Annual and multiyear estimates of population and housing data are generated for small areas, including tracts and population subgroups. This information is collected by mailing questionnaires to a sample of addresses. See the U.S. Census Bureau website for additional details.

The Six Disability Questions in the American Community Survey:

  1. Is this person deaf or does he/she have serious difficulty hearing? (yes or no)
  2. Is this person blind or does he/she have serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses? (yes or no)
  3. (If person 5 years old or over) Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, does this person have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions? (yes or no)
  4. (If person 5 years or old over) Does this person have serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs? (yes or no)
  5. (If person 5 years old or over) Does this person have difficulty dressing or bathing? (yes or no)
  6. (If person 15 years old or over) Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, does this person have difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping? (yes or no)

Average — The sum of all of the values in a sample divided by the number of values in the sample.

Civilian — A person not in active-duty military.

Living in the Community – A person lives in the community, if the person is not living in an institution, such as jail, prison, nursing home, and hospital. A college dormitory is not considered an institution.

Median — The middle-most value of a sample that separates the upper half of the values from the lower half of the values. 

Non-Institutionalized Population — Describes individuals who are residing in the community and who are not living in institutions such as jails, prisons, nursing homes, hospitals, etc.

Population — The total number of inhabitants in a defined geographic area including all races, classes, and groups.

Poverty — The U.S. Office of Management and Budget in Statistical Policy, Directive 14 sets the standards for which poverty is calculated. The U.S. Census Bureau uses a set of dollar value thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who is in poverty. If a family’s total income is less than the dollar value of the appropriate threshold, then that family and every individual in it is considered to be in poverty.

Poverty Rate — Percent of the population who are determined to be in poverty.

Range — The difference between the largest and smallest values in a sample. In a sample, when the smallest value is subtracted from the largest value the resulting value is called the range. 

Sampling Variability — The variation of a statistic when estimated from repeated samples.

United States Census Bureau — An agency within the United States Federal Statistical System tasked with producing data about the American people and economy. Their primary task is to conduct the United States Census every ten years.

About the Center

Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics and Demographics (StatsRRTC)

Led by the University of New Hampshire, the StatsRRTC is a collaborative effort involving the following partners: American Association of People with Disabilities, Center for Essential Management Services, Council of State Administrators of Vocational Rehabilitation, Kessler Foundation, Mathematica Policy Research, and Public Health Institute.

The StatsRRTC is funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Community Living, National Institute on Disability, Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research under grant number 90RTGE00010100, from 2018–2023.

Employment Policy and Measurement Rehabilitation Research and Training Center (EPM-RRTC)

Led by the University of New Hampshire, the EPM-RRTC is a collaborative effort involving the following partners: Association of University Centers on Disability, Hunter College, Kessler Foundation, Mathematica Policy Research, and the University of Chicago.

The EPM-RRTC is funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Community Living, National Institute on Disability, Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research under grant number 90RT503701, from 2015–2020.

Contact Information
University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability
10 West Edge Drive, Suite 101
Durham, NH 03824
Toll-Free Telephone/TTY: 866-538-9521
E-mail: Disability.Statistics@unh.edu
https://www.researchondisability.org